Critique of Jefferson and Hamilton Essay - 558 Words

Different people have different outlooks on how the nation should be ran and how our economy should produce our money. For instance two great presidents have two different outlooks on how our economy and our politics should work. Thomas Jefferson wanted an economy based on small family owned farms, while Hamilton on the other hand wanted to manufacturer and produce as much as possible in factories. Both of their plans for the economy have many strong points, but they also have some weak points. Many small towns and families make their living off of their family farms. Yes, this may be a great way of living for these families, but would it really be able to support a nation? Thomas Jeffersons idea of how a nation should be ran†¦show more content†¦This extensive drawn out plan he created listed everything he desired to do, from the labor to the employment to the securing a steady demand. Hamilton tried to promote diversity in the society, he also tried to get men to bring out their own talents that make them unique, and every man has something else to offer to promote new things in the society. Even the women and children were made more useful in his plan, he found a place for everyone to be apart of this new nation. It is made evident that Hamiltion had the future of America in his mind when he drew up this plan. The future of America relies on manufacturing and Hamilton realized that, the future could of never surrived on just farming, there was just too many improvements to do. Think if we didnt have manufaturing, that would mean no telephones, no cars, and no means of communition unless you wanted to walk over to whom evers house you had to talk to. Without someone manufactuing water purifiers we wouldnt have clean water, which means there would be many more dieases and deaths. Just fruits and vegetables alone wouldnt of cut if down the road, people would of got sick of them easily. Jefferson thought of the one main necessity in life, food, but he didnt think of how to improve the quality of life in America. While Hamilton on the other hand, took time to draw out his detailed plan on how to put his plan into attack, he also included everyone in his society. Though the plans differShow MoreRelatedAlien And Sedition Acts Dbq1456 Words   |  6 PagesSophia Jefferson Mr. Carpenter AP US History 12.14.15 Alien and Sedition Acts DBQ The 1780’s and 1790’s were a time of growing contentions in America, and were capped off with the creation of the Alien and Sedition acts. The Alien and Sedition acts included four laws that made it extremely difficult to be an immigrant in the United States. These laws allowed the president to deport any immigrant he deemed dangerous or suspicious, allowed the government to remove immigrants in time of war and alsoRead MoreHow Democratic Is The American Constitution Essay1616 Words   |  7 Pagesits drafting, to its ideology, to its relevance. By analyzing Dahl’s critiques of the Constitution in terms of the parallels that exist between factions and the two-party system, the issue of unequal representation, and the necessity for the Framers to compromise on their ideals to ratify the Constitution, Dahl defined a clear argument based in his general disapproval for the Constitution. However, by combining Dahl’s critiques with potential rebuttals from t he opinions and perspectives of MadisonRead MoreFounding Brothers9626 Words   |  39 PagesRepublicanism view on history claims the revolution to be a liberation movement from everything British, and dislike the take-over of the Federalists (moneymen) in 1790 of which Hamilton was the Chief Culprit The alternative interpretation views Washington, Adams, and Hamilton as the heirs to the revolutionary legacy and Jefferson as the chief culprit. This view is more collectivistic rather than individualistic. The book will look at this time in history through several stories that show us theRead MoreJames Madison : The Founding Father Of Our Nation1519 Words   |  7 Pagesmember advisory council to the Virginia governor in 1777 (9). His diligence was very apparent during his time on the council, and gave him the opportunity to â€Å"hone his political skills† (10). Thomas Jefferson became governor in 1779, and a life-long friendship with Madison was set in motion (10). Jefferson was impressed by Madison’s â€Å"intelligence, public-spiritedness, and willingness to serve† (10). Madison also impressed many elite Virginia politicians because of his â€Å"work ethic† (11). Madison hadRead MoreFirst Bank of the United States4267 Words   |  18 Pagesdesigned to make money and build an economy. It was designed by men like Alexander Hamilton and Robert Morris, but did not benefit the common citizen as much as wealthy investors. Why did a fledgling government nee d to borrow millions from overseas in order to invest in a â€Å"national† bank, to turn around and then borrow the same money back and pay interest on it? The banking system developed by Alexander Hamilton and Robert Morris was prime pickings for speculators, and laid the groundwork for aRead MoreThe United States : The Independent Minds Of Its People1532 Words   |  7 Pagesarisen between Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson. At his inauguration in 1789, George Washington appointed Alexander Hamilton as the first Secretary of the Treasury (U.S. Department of Treasury). His first task in his new position was to setup an accepted federal economic system that would both unite the country and gain control over the sporadic debt that was amassed during the war. It was not so much this task that caused an interjection of disapproval from Jefferson as much as it was his wayRead MoreFederalism Is A System Of Government1699 Words   |  7 PagesConstitution was The Federalist Papers. The Federalist Papers 85 anonymous essays published in New York City to persuade the people of the state to vote for those laws to be in the ratification of the constitution. These articles were written by Alexander Hamilton and James Madison and with the help of John Jay. examined the benefits of the new, proposed Constitution, and analyzed the political theory and function behind the various articles of the Constitution. The Federalist Papers remains one of the mostRead MoreThe Supreme Court Struck Down The Mccain Feingold Act844 Words   |  4 Pagesdefending the constitution. With political participation rates extremely low, especially in local elections, there is little political capital and power among the electorate. The power of the people can be superior to both the legislative and judiciary (Hamilton Fed 78), but a belief persists that political participation does not matter because of the money involved in politics. People are disenchanted with the judiciary and legislative; citizens deserve a method to hold these branches accountable. â€Å"I amRead MoreThe Good Ghanaian Society 1068 Words   |  5 Pagespreserves as much as possible the conditions of liberty and equality that humankind enjoyed in the ‘state of nature’. To Adam Smith, it has nearly absolute economic freedom. To Thomas Jefferson, it consists of people who live in small- scale, rural communities characterized by high quality of life. To Alexander Hamilton, it consists of people who live in modern industrial cities characterized by a high standard of living. To Marx, it has nearly absolute economic equality. To John S. Mill, it allowsRead MoreConstitutional Interpretation Essay1012 Words   |  5 PagesConstitutional Interpretation In this essay I will try to explain and critique the two dominant methods of constitutional interpretation. Which are originalism and non-originalism. I will do this by taking help from â€Å"How to Read the Constitution† by Christopher Wolfe, and different source’s from Internet. I will start by giving what Wolfe says originalism is, and then I will give some background to other ways to interpret the constitution, and the founders and interpretation and I will finish

Sociologist Karl Marx Free Essays

A Brief Introduction Mr. Jeff Riddle April 29th, 2009 There are three major theories that depict how sociologists view the world. The theories are functionalist, conflict, and interaction theory. We will write a custom essay sample on Sociologist Karl Marx or any similar topic only for you Order Now Each of these has its own viewpoints of how people affect society, and how society affects the people. Each theory has its own group of sociologist to go with it. The theory that a sociologist picks to back has an effect on how they do research and how they look at problems. Schaefer) The first theory is Structural Functional Theory, or functionalism. Functionalism is one of the oldest theories, and is still used today. In functionalism society is made up of different parts, and these parts work together to keep the society stable. Functionalism relies very much on the scientific method. By relying on the scientific method, the study of sociology can be observed in the same way one would view the physical world. (McClelland) In functionalism, change is said to happen when pressure is put on individuals by social structures. This is what is known as a macro theory. Macro theories work from the society downward, the society forces the people to change, not the people change society. The next theory is conflict theory. In opposition to functionalism, when society exists in a state of balance and stability, conflict theory says that society is better described as existing in a state of constant struggle and conflict between two groups. Conflict theory has been growing it popularity since the late 1960s. Many social and economical problems such as, civil rights movements, and political battles, have given prime examples of the conflict between the two groups, reinforcing conflict theory. Marx says there is a constant struggle between the haves, and the have-nots. In a capitalistic society, groups interact in a destructive way. (Schaefer) They do this by the more powerful group exploiting the lower group in order to become more powerful. This is what causes the unbalance in power. The next theory is Interactionist or Symbolic Interaction Perspective. This theory is different from the other two because instead of working from the society down in a macro prospective, it works from the individual up, in a micro prospective. Interactionists focus on the subject of human life at a personal level instead of at a social level. An interactionist wants to know what the person was feeling or how they were bothered by a particular situation. Society is made up of patterned and organized interactions on personal basis. Because of this the research done by interactionists can be done at a face-to-face level also instead of focusing on the group or groups within society. McClelland) All interactions and reactions between individuals shape the way society works. An interaction can be any contact; this includes all language and symbols. This is because interactionists want to understand each individual in society, because understanding the individuals will show you how they shape society in the end. (McClelland) In conclusion, these different th eories give sociologist a basis to work from. They do play a major role in the way a sociologist conducts research, or gathers information in other ways. Not any of the three theories can be said to be correct in a whole, but sociologists can use all of them to better understand a situation and draw conclusions about it. The theories allow sociologists to develop different viewpoints and find the tendencies between them. References Berlin, Isaiah, and Alan Ryan. (1996). Karl Marx: His Life and Environment. New York: Oxford University Press. Schaefer, Richard T. (2008). Sociology. New York: McGraw-Hill. Stanford Encyclopedia Of Philosophy. (2008). Karl Marx. http://www. laspositascollege. edu/library/cited_APA_examples. php#anchorInternet How to cite Sociologist Karl Marx, Papers

Differences between supermarket and market free essay sample

People are familiar with the traditional markets. When the quality of life raises up, their habit to buy goods in supermarkets also increases. There are three main differences between markets and supermarkets: scale, quality and the way to purchase. The first point is that the markets are generally smaller than the supermarkets about various kinds of goods, technological facilities and quantity of staffs. Supermarkets have a system of arranging products display while each stall’s display at markets depends on the owner. Supermarkets also offer ready-to-eat foods as a way to provide the customer to shop as well as eat at the same time. Supermarkets usually receive goods and merchandise in bulk from either manufacturers or large distributors and offer low prices and many deals or discounts on their products to attract consumers. Some supermarkets may also have banks, ATMs, coffee bar, juice bar and anything else that may attract customers. We will write a custom essay sample on Differences between supermarket and market or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The second difference between markets and supermarkets is product quality. Many people like buying goods in supermarkets because they have a clear origin. Furthermore, supermarkets storage systems are better while products in the markets are sometimes old packaging and not attractive like in supermarkets. Except for agricultural products, in markets it is bought directly within a day. So, it will be fresher than in supermarkets. In supermarkets, people choose products, evaluate product quality through the inventory for nutrient composition, place of manufacture, production time and duration of use. At the market, by contrast, the quality of the product depends on the trust between sellers and buyers. The last point is the way to buy. Supermarkets have a special format where it allows consumers to pass through aisles using shopping carts or baskets and pick up whatever they require. In the markets, customers are allowed to haggle for prices, while prices in the supermarkets are tagged and fixed. Shopping at the supermarkets, customers can choose freely, can look, admire, ask price, fitting without buying. Conversely, customers may encounter attitude of discontent heart of a small business at markets. In a word, supermarkets and markets are two different types of shopping venues. Although they have some different points as scale, quality and the way to buy, they also have its own advantages. Maintaining and developing both of them mean keeping traditional values of culture and learning new achievements.

Online Scavenger Hunt free essay sample

The things I see on the screen are: calendar, tasks, resources, connect, reports, and announcements. I also see a calendar, forums, assignments, performance, and announcements. There is also a grade book to track our individual progress. 2. From the course home page in Loud Cloud, click on the Resources tab and then click on Classroom Policies. What do you need to do to make sure you are properly participating in the online classroom? Grand Canyon University requires all students enrolled in online course to attend every week. This attendance is marked by activity in the online lassoer.An online week for undergraduate students is Monday through Sunday and for graduate students is Thursday through Wednesday. Students are not permitted to be out of attendance more than two consecutive, online weeks. Participation can be earned only by posting substantive, quality messages to fellow classmates and the instructor in the main forum of the classroom. We will write a custom essay sample on Online Scavenger Hunt or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Specific courses may have alternative participation requirements. Students are encouraged to review the course syllabus and consult with the faculty member prior to the course start. 3. Deer the Resources Tab in Loudly, click on the Student Success Center; under the Writing Center tab click on the Style Guides and Templates link. Read through the PAP 6th Edition Style Guide and PAP 6th Edition Template (without Abstract) documents. Why do you think academic writing requires such strict formatting? Think that by writing in this format, it will provide the audience with cues that allow them to follow our ideas better. Using this standard format will allow our readers to focus on our ideas instead being distracted by unfamiliar text and formats.I think the format wows that you are aware of your audience and helps establish your credibility. It also provides guidelines and protects against plagiarism. 4. Under the Resources Tab in Loudly, click on the Student Success Center. Under which tab in the Student Success Center can you find official Microsoft Tutorials for their softare products? Tools for Success is where I think I can find these items. 5. Under the Resources Tab in Loudly, inside the Student Success Center, click on the Tools for Success tab at the top. What video might be most helpful to you under the Success Webzines section?The video most helpful to me would be the video on Time Management. 6. From the course home page in Loudly, find where you can see your Current grade in the course. You can See the current grade by clicking on the graduated tab. 7. Click on the Resources Tab in the classroom. Click on Syllabus. What are all the different sections found in the Syllabus? Look at the Overall and Current sections of the syllabus. (Hint: they might be the orange sections on the left of the screen. ) The sections are objectives, topic materials, assignments, discussion questions, and participation.

Top German Mistakes Made by Beginners

Top German Mistakes Made by Beginners Unfortunately, there are much more than ten mistakes you can make in German. However, we want to concentrate on the top ten kinds of mistakes that beginning students of German are likely to make. But before we get to that, think about this: How is learning a second language different from learning a first? There are many differences, but the most significant difference is that with a first language there is no interference from another language. An infant learning to speak for the first time is a blank slate- without any preconceived notions of how a language is supposed to work. That is definitely not the case for anyone who decides to learn a second language. An English  speaker who is learning German must guard against the influence of English. The first thing any language student has to accept is that there is no right or wrong way to construct a language. English is what it is; German is what it is. Arguing about a languages grammar or vocabulary is like arguing about the weather: you cant change it. If the gender of Haus is neuter (das), you cant arbitrarily change it to der.  If you do, then you risk being misunderstood. The reason languages have a particular grammar is to avoid breakdowns in communication. Mistakes Are Unavoidable Even if you understand the concept of first-language interference, does that mean youll never make a mistake in German? Of course not. And that leads us to a big mistake that many students make: Being afraid to make a mistake. Speaking and writing German is a challenge for any student of the language. But the fear of making a mistake can keep you from making progress. Students who dont worry so much about embarrassing themselves end up using the language more and making quicker progress. 1. Thinking in English Its only natural that youll think in English when you begin to learn another language. But the number one mistake made by beginners is thinking too literally and translating word-for-word. As you progress you need to start to think German more and more. Even beginners can learn to think in German phrases at an early stage. If you keep using English as a crutch, always translating from  English to German, youre doing something wrong. You dont really know German until you start to hear it in your head. German doesnt always put things together like English.   2. Getting Genders Mixed Up While languages such as French, Italian, or Spanish are content to have just two genders for nouns, German has three! Since every noun in German is either  der, die,  or  das,  you need to learn each noun with its gender. Using the wrong gender not only makes you sound stupid, it also can cause changes in meaning. It can be aggravating that any six-year-old in Germany can rattle off the gender of any common noun, but thats the way it is.   3. Case Confusion If you dont understand what the nominative case is in English, or what a direct or indirect object is, then youre going to have problems with case in German. Case is usually indicated in German by inflection: putting different endings on articles and adjectives. When  der  changes to  den  or  dem, it does so for a reason. That reason is the same one that makes the pronoun he change to him in English (or  er  to  ihn  in German). Not using the correct case is very likely to confuse people a lot! 4. Word Order   German word order (or syntax) is more flexible than English syntax and relies more on case endings for clarity. In German, the subject may not always come first in a sentence. In subordinate (dependent) clauses, the conjugated verb may be at the end of the clause. 5. Calling Someone Sie Instead of du Almost every language in the world- besides English- has at least two kinds of you: one for formal use, the other for familiar use. English once had this distinction (thou and thee are related to German du), but for some reason, it now uses only one form of you for all situations. This means that English-speakers often have problems learning to use  Sie  (formal) and  du/ihr  (familiar). The problem extends to verb conjugation and command forms, which are also different in  Sie  and  du  situations. 6. Getting Prepositions Wrong One of the easiest ways to spot a non-native speaker of any language is the misuse of prepositions. German and English often use different prepositions for similar idioms or expressions: wait for/warten auf, be interested in/sich interessieren fà ¼r, and so on. In English, you take medicine for something, in German  gegen  (against) something. German also has two-way prepositions  that can take two different cases (accusative or dative), depending on the situation. 7. Using Umlauts German Umlauts (Umlaute  in German) can lead to problems for beginners. Words can change their meaning based on whether they have an umlaut or not. For example,  zahlen  means to pay but  zhlen  means to count.  Bruder  is one brother, but  Brà ¼der  means brothers - more than one. Pay attention to words that may have potential problems. Since only a, o, and u can have an umlaut, those are the vowels to be aware of. 8. Punctuation and Contractions German punctuation and the use of the apostrophe is often different than in English. Possessives in German usually do not use an apostrophe. German uses contractions in many common expressions, some of which use an apostrophe (Wie gehts?) and some of which do not (zum Rathaus). Related to the prepositional hazards mentioned above are German prepositional contractions. Contractions such as  am,  ans,  ins, or  im  can be possible pitfalls. 9. Those Pesky Capitalization Rules German is the only modern language that requires the capitalization of all nouns, but there are other potential problems. For one thing, adjectives of nationality are not capitalized in German as they are in English. Partly due to  German spelling reform, even Germans can have problems with spelling hazards like  am besten  or  auf Deutsch. You can find the rules and a lot of hints for German spelling in our capitalization lesson and try our spelling quiz. 10. Using the Helping Verbs Haben and Sein In English, the present perfect is always formed with the helping verb have. German verbs in the conversational past (present/past perfect) can use either  haben  (have) or  sein  (be) with the past participle. Since those verbs using to be are less frequent, you need to learn which ones use  sein  or in which situations a verb may use  haben  or  sein  in the present or past perfect tense.

Assignment #2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

#2 - Assignment Example Price adjustments- this is the lowering of the prices with the hopes to generate more sales by increasing the number of units purchased. This is one of the most used methods by businesses to enter new markets. Product improvements- this occurs when a business decides to add quality to its products as a way of attracting more customers. Thus, price improvements are better suited for creating new interests in stagnating products and to offer extra benefits when one uses the product. Creation of more distribution channels- in this method, a business enters a market through increasing its methods of making products reach the consumers and making the products more readily available in the market. For instance, a business that operates through retails may open wholesale centers for distribution of more products. It helps in determining the market penetration goal. As such, the business subtracts the effects of the limiting factors from market potential, and it enables the business to estimate its measurable goals. Makes it possible for the business to define its market. By making adjustments in the market potential and the share figures, business can define its markets in terms of industry, product, and geography or customer type. A business can identify and quantify the limiting factors. Such factors include competition, government regulation, and limited resources. Therefore, by adjusting the market potential and the share figures, the business will be in a better position to realize these factors, and quantify them. The ranking method- this is the process of comparing one’s job with others to determine whether it is higher, lower or in the same rank. This method is based on the overall judgment of the required skills, responsibility and also working conditions of the job. The prime benefit of this technique is that it is simple and is

Advanced research methods in business Dissertation

Advanced research methods in business - Dissertation Example An intensive analysis of the concept of cross-cultural training is done using the works of different people including academicians, researchers etc. The aim of the research is identified to be to examine the different methods of cross-cultural training; to evaluate and find out the effect of CCT on the performance of foreign employees recruited by US company in China; to identify the problems faced and adjustment made by the foreign employees in China; and to identify the best method of cross-cultural training. The research will employ a quantitative method to achieve the objectives. The techniques that will be used include a quantitative performance appraisal and adjustment questionnaire that will be sending to participants via email. The participants will include 200 foreign employees- either US citizens or foreigners- who will be divided into group A and group B. Both the groups will be given different cross-cultural training. The research will be done as a comparative research an d for this the performance appraisal and adjustment made by the participants will be taken twice- before and after training. Thesis Statement: To analyze the impact of two different forms of cross-cultural trainings on the overall performance and adjustment of foreigner employees in an American multi-national company that has opened a new subsidiary in China. Introduction: Cross-cultural training is an important concept and activity adopted in almost every international business in the present world. Cross-cultural training is always included in the business plan while entering an international market. The cross-cultural training is often given to a foreigner who is being recruited to the country where the business is started by the organization. The cross-cultural training includes different types of training which makes the employee eligible to work in the host country. In this world of globalization and liberalization, the scope for international business have raised and touched the sky thereby making room for more extensive cross-cultural training programs together with the increase in expatriate recruitment. The business corporate when extend their business at international level they face the problem of efficient and qualified employees. As a solution to this problem expatriate recruitment was adopted. The need for cross-cultural training has been identified since the inception of the process of expatriate recruitment. The cross-cultural training helps the employees to understand the cultural differences and to develop the ability to deal and interact effectively according to the culture and environment of the host country. Thus the cross-cultural training as a concept includes a variety of training programs which are a classified under various heads. All the training programs or training courses have the similar aim of developing awareness among the employees about the culture of the host country. The training is given according to the nature or culture of the country. The cross-cultural training which possess an important place in the business world is been interpreted variously by various people. â€Å"Cross-cultural training is defined as any planned intervention designed to increase the knowledge and skills of expatriates to live and work effectively and achieve general life satisfaction in an unfamiliar host culture (Wil Harzing & Ruysseveldt, 2004, p. 284). Paula Caligiuri et. al had identified the objectives of cross-cultural training from the works of different people like Brewster & Pickard, Black & Mendenhall, Kealey &

The Origins of First Stars Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

The Origins of First Stars - Essay Example Investigating how from the universe was created and how this led to the precise moment in time when these first stars could and did evolve was researched and presented. Through a thorough examination of years of research, how first stars were created and when they came into existence was answered. This research also yielded the fact that no first star still exists within our galaxy - the Milky Way. Although, I am satisfied with the findings of this research that the Milky Way contains no Population III Stars, I can not help but sit here and wonder if somewhere in the outermost areas of the universe, in areas we may not even know exist, there sits a first star, a remnant of the very creation of the universe, waiting for me Ever since the dawn of time, man has been fascinated by the stars in the heaven. From a child's first wonder at the twinkling lights in the night sky to throngs of people staying up late to watch a meteor shower, the celestial display never ceases to amaze us. However, there is so much more to stars than the glowing light they project to earth. They are the footprints to understanding the origins of space and time. Scientists have been in the process of unraveling these mysteries for centuries. ... The Big Bang Theory, the accepted theory of the creation of the universe, which will be detailed in subsequent paragraphs, lead to the later creation of first stars, called Population III Stars. Initially thought impossible to still exist, these first stars and the quest to understand them have led researchers to continue to search for their origins. The first detectable signs of these Population III stars have now been found. How were they created and do any still exist Background Understanding what is known about the creation of the universe is necessary consider how Population III stars were born and if they have survived to present day. The accepted theory of the creation of universe is the Big Bang Theory. Astronomers have determined through observation and scientific research that "the galaxies of the universe all seem to be moving away from us. It turned out that they are moving away not just from us but from one another-that is, the universe seems to be expanding." [1] The laws of physics, specifically Hubble's Law told scientists that if the universe is ever expanding. Hubble's Law explains that "the galaxies were receding from us at a velocity proportional to their distance. The more distant the galaxy, the greater its redshift, and therefore the higher the velocity." [2] Hubble's Law The above graph is a depiction of the Hubble constant explaining rate of expansion. [3] "The velocity v could be determined by multiplying the distance R by H, the Hubble constant, given by the slope of the line in the above graph, in units of kilometers per second per million light years. The Hubble constant describes the universe's rate of expansion. The galaxies are not moving away through space, they are moving away with space, as space

Teachers Are Leaders Essay Example for Free

Teachers Are Leaders Essay Touching more lives, affecting the outcome of so many futures a teacher is the epitome of a leader. Just as a leader has his or her own style, their way of motivating their students, also plays an important part in a students success. Spending more time with our children then most parents do, a teacher is fundamental in shaping our children. If they are poor leaders our children suffer. When they shine as leaders our children blossom and the universe is wide open to them. As a teacher it is of utmost importance that you tune your leadership skills and find the best style of teaching for the students you are teaching. In finding resources for this paper it was interesting to note that all the information fell under the category of leadership and not teacher qualities. It was also interesting to note that the principle the US Army teaches on leadership are included in an overwhelming number of corporations as well taught mostly by retired military themselves. The intrinsic characteristics of a teacher can be categorized into a few main teaching styles or leadership styles. Directing, Participating, Delegating, and Combined styles are the main forms of teaching and leading. The qualities associated with these styles are imperative to any teacher. The purpose as teachers is fundamentally the same as leaders, to provide purpose, direction and motivation while operating to accomplish the mission in this case to educate. All four of these actions must be present in order for a student to benefit. A leader or teacher is not born but cultivated through his/her upbringing and environment. In my experience as a leader, teaching in Educational Psychology, being a parent, I have learned that what you as a leader or teacher bring to your students or audience is imperative to their development and learning. A teachers personal characteristics are also crucial factor in students development and motivation. The first principle is purpose, which has to be conveyed to the student. Why do I need to learn Math? How will studying History benefit me? Without the whys we as students are lost. A teacher must give the purpose. It is important to you because? If this question is left unanswered the student will not consider the value of the topic being discussed. To move from purely acceptance to questioning and understanding denotes a higher level of learning. This is the main objective of teaching. Moving the students from regurgitation to higher realization is the ultimate goal. Teachers need to take the time to explain the whys and in the long run it will benefit both the teacher and student. Direction is tied to purpose. Direction is the steps we are going to take to get to that important purpose. Without steps or direction, we lack the framework in which to learn. By prioritizing small tasks (you must teach numbers before adding them) your lessons will be more effective. By conveying the direction or path to your students you are setting up the checklist for them to follow on to higher learning. Purpose and direction are essential aspects to convey to your students. Without motivation however these factors will not be effective. The motivation will give your students the will and desire to do things. You can tell a student the purpose of a task and the direction in which to go but without the internal motivation of that student, sparked by your personality and learned tactics in dealing with students, these will be meaningless. Motivation is the drive and will to do what needs to be done to accomplish the mission. To instill motivation a teacher has to know his/her students and their capabilities. A teacher must know what the students can relate to, what tasks the student are capable of, and what method of teaching will relate to the students. If a student can handle not being supervised on a task, then the teacher doesnt baby-sit them. Some students need a teacher looking over their shoulder at all times; its important to know which student you have. To instill positive motivation when they succeed praise them; when they fail show them how to succeed next time. If this is done properly it will be a teachers strongest tool! Motivation is not just the words you say to your students, it is the actions that you do and the example you set for them. I have found that no matter what I tell my subordinates, or my son, the best way to teach them is by setting the example for them to follow. We all have someone watching and emulating our actions. If you want to convey hard work, proficiency, and the desire for learning to your students, then you must first emulate those qualities. The best teachers and leaders in my life have made me want to take some of their personality traits and copy them. In front of the classroom, who is looked at more than a teacher is! All of these factors combine to make a somewhat effective teacher or leader, but without the right combination of teaching the leadership will be ineffective. Effective leaders are flexible enough to adjust their leadership styles and techniques to the people they lead. Some students will respond best to coaxing, suggestions, or prodding while others may need a chewing out. If you treat all students the same you are probably being unfair because all students are not the same. You must use the directive, participating, delegating, and combined approaches to teaching. Obviously every situation dictates common sense and some adjusting, but you would not want to use a purely free and laid back approach with a group in a juvenile prison. The directive style of teaching is purely lecture which puts most students and myself to sleep. This is teacher centered with detailed instructions and no input from the class. Now this can be done effectively with students who have an innate interest in the subject but for the majority of those who have no choice but to take this class this becomes boring. Without the lecture or instruction part of teaching, however, most students would not be given the instruction for proficiency and understanding that the subjects may require. When students dont have the expertise in a subject, a crucial aspect of the subject is the introduction itself. In certain subjects like math it is imperative that formal instruction takes place. The do this to get this approach must exist. However too purely drown your students with facts and tedious instructions will turn off the students motivation. On the opposite extreme of teaching, the delegating style would be employed. The delegating style involves giving students the power to solve problems and make decisions themselves, without checking with the teacher in most circumstances. This can be effective with very mature students in whom a teacher wants to create independence and expand their thinking. This simply stated is the teacher giving a problem, minimal instructions, and expecting the student to find the solution. In some aspects this can be effective only if the students have a basic understanding and the fore knowledge of how to solve the problem. With too little amount of instruction this will be a disaster! The participating style centers on both the students and the teacher. The teacher gives the students a problem, gives instruction and possible solutions, and asks the students for input. The teacher, although dependent on recommendations from the students, makes the final solution however. This is most effective for teachers who have time as their advantage, which many do not. When this style is used, the students feel as though they are at least a part of the discovery process and it gives them a sense of ownership of the final plan. Again the factor here is time, so this can be ineffective when there are strict time constraints and many lessons to accomplish. The most effective teaching style is the combined approach. Just as the name implies it uses all of the benefits of the delegating, participating, and directive approaches. It is a flexible and transformational tool for any given situation. To become an effective teacher you must learn when, to what degree, and how to use this approach. This approach is best used when you have students with a conglomeration of experiences, knowledge, motivations, and maturity. This may sound like common sense, but too often do when have those pure lecture teachers, or those who are on the other extreme and let the students learn on their own. With all the styles of teaching and leading, who the teacher is plays a significannot role in what the student learns. As I sat in the first day of Educational Psychology I noted how many times the teacher looked at the clock. She noted when there was one minute until the class was to start and has promptly kept the same attention to time since that first day. This shows two of the characteristics awareness and perception that a teacher needs to bring to the classroom. Other characteristics include: listening receptively to what others have to say, accepting others and having empathy for them, foresight and intuition, awareness and perception, highly developed powers of persuasion, an ability to conceptualize and to communicate concepts as well as establish goals, empowering people, using multiple options thinking, and being passionate about what they are teaching. These are forged by our personal beliefs, and just as important our life experiences. Having these combined with the right approach; purpose, direction, and motivation are the key to effective teaching and leading. Leaders cant be trained, but they can be developed. Development needs to be ongoing and highly personalized in its nature. Teachers, true leaders, are so strategically important that schools cannot afford not to provide them with the support and developmental resources they need to grow. But not everybody is capable of being an outstanding leader. However, it is going to be the key to better education in a world of change, complexity and uncertainty. As I look back on the semester, I remember how it started. Never have I been in a class where the classroom students taught the instruction. What a weird, bizarre, and radical way of teaching. I have to admit, I hate to work in-groups and I didnt like this idea at all. In light of my stubbornness and repulsion I see why this had to happen. To me the process was not really about learning the material but bluntly seeing how you can be inspired put to sleep, or appalled at other students, or yourself. The fundamental concept is not really about what you are teaching, but how. The with-it-ness of the teacher makes the student learn or care about the subject. The lack of enthusiasm in an instructors voice, the laziness as they slouch on the podium or smack their gum, or the sheer brilliance of their presentation is what inspires and motivates a student to learn. The Army is the same way with winning wars and making heroes. Many civilian corporations have emulated the leadership principles applied in the Army doctrine and regulations. This is what I have applied this course to. As a supervisor in the Army in charge of those many years younger than me or twice as old as me this course has shown me in a less obvious way to adapt and be flexible to the situation. Also I feel that beyond the regular courses that teachers take they should be shown how to develop their leadership skills. They need to be shown which style to teach which students and how to be flexible. Teachers also need to have and develop some personal qualities that will make them successful. Without the characteristics mentioned they will not be successful teachers. The leaders of the most powerful army of the future need to be shown how to lead. They need to know how to give to their students meaning by showing the purpose, providing the direction and the motivation while they accomplish their mission, to educate. Teachers need to use different approaches to teaching based on the students and they need to be flexible in their approach. Sometimes it is okay to think (teach) in the box and sometimes we need to think (teach) out of the box but I believe we can think both ways at the same time. Sources Blanchard, Kenneth, Patricia Zigarmi, and Drea Zigarmi. Leadership and the One Minute Manager: Increasing Effectiveness Through Situational Leadership. William Morrow Company. 1985. Hesselbein, Frances, Goldsmith, M. , Beckhard, R. , Eds. The Leader of the Future: New Visions, Strategies, and Practices for the Next Era. Jossey-Bass Publication. 1996. Covey, Stephen J. The Seven Habits Of Highly Effective People: Powerful Lessons in Personal Change. Reprint Edition. Fireside. 1990. Covey Leadership Center US Army Field Manual FM 22-100 Army Leadership. U. S. Government Printing Office: 1999.

The Metamorphosis of Holden in The Catcher in the Rye Essay -- Catcher

The Metamorphosis of Holden in The Catcher in the Rye      Ã‚  Ã‚   Without love and guidance, young people often find themselves lost; unsure of what direction their lives are headed. Such is the case with Holden Caulfield, a character from the novel The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger. Holden is a sixteen-year old boy who has lost his way. Hold has suffered a great loss, the death of his Brother, Allie.       Holden is trying to reconcile his emotions since Allie's death. While dealing with their own grief, Holden's parents have neglected his needs and have therefore not addressed this with him. Holden goes searching for answers and companionship since his parents are emotionally unavailable. This story takes up with Holden on in search to all the wrong places to find these things. After a fight with his roommate at Pencey Prep School, Holden goes to Ackly's room. He strikes up some very superficial conversation and then asks if Ackly wants to play a game of cards. Ackly declines. Asking "Do you know what time it is, by any chance?"(pg.42) Holden is aware of the time but is desperate for a friend. Holden presses father asking if he could spend the night in Ackly's room. Ackly once again denied Holden's request    With that, Holden let's Ackly go back to sleep and lays alone with his thoughts, "I t was depressing out in the street. You couldn't even hear any cars anymore. I got feeling so lonesome and rotten. I even felt like waking Ackly up."(pg.50) At this point Holden decides that he is going to run away for a few days before he has to go home. On the train going into the city, Holden meets up with Mrs. Morrow. He finds her very attractive. An interesting point here is that he te... ...about the carousel."(pg.213) It started pouring rain but Holden wasn't bothered, he " felt so damned happy."(pg.213) At that point Holden was able to say goodbye to Allie and let go of his grief. Holden returns home with Phoebe, and his family get him some help. He'll be back to school in the fall and this time he's ready to put in an effort.    Sources Consulted    Davis, Robert Con, ed. Contemporary Literary Criticism. Vol. 56. Detroit: Gail Research Inc., 1989.   Marsden, Malcolm M. Ed. If You Really Want to Know: A "Catcher" Casebook.   Chicago: Scott, Foresman, 2002.   68-73. Internet Public Library. "Salinger Literary Criticism Collection.".Dec 2001.17 April 2002.<http://www.ipl.org/cgi- bin/ref/litcrit/litcrit.out.pl?ti=cat-202>. Salinger, J.D. The Catcher in the Rye. Boston: Little Brown and Company, 1951      

Autonomy- the Right of a Client to Self Determination

Consider the six major ethical principles of autonomy, veracity, confidentiality, nonmalfeasance, beneficence, and justice. Think back over your many years of educational experiences. Provide examples from your past (either recent or distant—your choice) that illustrate the importance of these 6 major ethical principles. The experiences you recount may have happened to you personally, you may have witnessed them, or you may have read about or heard about them from others. Any of these types of examples are fine to use in your journal entry.The most important point is that you choose examples that made a lasting impression and influenced your feelings and perceptions related to education (either positive or negative—your choice). Write a conversational paragraph for each of the six principles, including your illustrative example and then brief discussion related to how the example shaped what you know and feel about the educational process. Autonomy- the right of a clien t to self determination In the ER where I currently work, I am usually not privy to the conversations between the physician and the patient.I am usually providing care to another patient. I receive the orders for pain medication and then proceed to the room to administer the medication. I feel it is my duty, as a nurse, to educate the patient regarding their right to refuse the medication the physician ordered. I empower them with education regarding the effects and side-effects and allow them to refuse the medication if they desire. I educate them to the importance of knowing as much information regarding their own healthcare as possible and allow them the choice to accept or refuse the offered medications.I feel strongly about this aspect of care in the ER. I do not feel the patient should blindly accept medications simply because it was prescribed by a physician. Veracity- truth telling; the honesty by a professional in providing full disclosure to a client of the risks and benef its of any invasive medical procedure. Often times children are fearful of nurses and the procedures they endure in the ER. They often cry as soon as we walk into their room. I feel it is a disservice to these tiny people to lie to them about the medicine they will take or the IV that may need to be started.Even though they are minors and veracity might not be a law that applies to them, I feel they will be more trusting of me and of future nurses if they are told that an IV actually will hurt, but just for a moment, rather than surprising them with a painful procedure when they are trusting you that it will not hurt. Lying to patients is wrong on an ethical level and it also put nurses in an untrusting light. We should always be forthright with every patient, even if they are young or old. Simply procedures may hurt different people on different levels but everyone deserves to know if they are going to be uncomfortable or not.Confidentiality- a binding social contract or covenant t o protect another’s privacy; a professional obligation to respect privileged information between health professional and client. Confidentiality is inherent in the field of medicine and nursing and many professional are accustomed to this ethical principal. HIPPA has been drilled into the nurses’ head and the associated fines for violating this law. The aspect that I feel strongly about regarding confidentiality is when my patient in the ER has ingested or used an illegal substance or a narcotic that is altering their care.If the patient believes we will keep their medical information confidential then they are more likely to reveal the drugs they have used so we can better treat them. I remember years ago when I was working as an EMT in the ER and a young man, in his 20’s, came in with chest pain. The EKG showed an acute MI. The patient has no risk factors and it was amazing to everyone that the EKG was showing this at this early hour while he was on his way to work. In the end, after going to the cath lab and having an angiocath inserted in his groin and not heart disease was discovered did he reveal that he had used cocaine.If this patient had been informed that his information would be confidential, and had HIPPA been in place, he might have felt more comfortable revealing this information and avoiding this unnecessary procedure. I assure my clients that no police will ever be notified and that legally their information is protected so they may feel more at ease in revealing the drugs they have taken so we can treat them properly. Nonmalfeasance- the principal of doing no harm. Nonmalfeasance encompasses negligence and/or malpractice (Bastable, 2008). Malpractice can encompass failure to follow standards, communication, ocumentation, monitoring, acting as an advocate, and delegating. The first few hours and days after delivery of a preterm infant are critical times when head bleeds may occur. Simply lifting the legs while changing the diaper can result in a head bleed. Having this understanding and not rushing through cares is critical as a NICU nurse. There are serious developmental problems that may occur with third and fourth degree bleeds and the long term sequelae are daunting. As a nurse at the bedside with these neonates and communicating with the parents, we should always hold in mind the ethical principle of beneficence.It may be very easy to transgress in these areas of the nurse is not attentive and diligent in their work. Being a nurse means stepping outside of our feelings and judgments and treating others, â€Å"attentively and vigilantly so as to avoid mistakes (Tong, 2007, p. 25). Beneficence- the principle of doing good; acting in the best interest of a client through adherence to professional performance standards and procedural protocols. Beneficence encompasses patient welfare but not necessarily to the well being of the healthcare provider (p. 34). I feel an example of this is lifting and mo ving of heavy patients.It is my duty to assist them to a position they request or to find a more comfortable position if they state they are uncomfortable or if I am aware that their position my cause skin breakdown or harm but not to the detriment of my own body. Nursing injuries are preventable and hospitals have a duty to provide equipment to ensure their nurses do not get injured. There are hoists, slide boards, and even extra man power available to ensure the nurse does not get injured lifting an increasingly obese population. Protocols for lifting ensure the patient is not harmed if the nurse falls while helping them also.I often ask for more assistance in moving patients from chairs to beds and I also enlist the help of the patient if they can assist me with their position chance. Justice- equal distribution of goods, services, and burdens regardless of client diagnosis, culture, national origin, religious orientation, and sexual preference. there may be times when a patient is deemed unworthy by the nurse and he/she may feel that the patient doesn’t deserve to be treated the same as other patients. One example that comes to mind is occurring this week. The shooter of the 6 officers wounded last week is alive and in hospital right now, receiving care for a gunshot wound he suffered. As his nurse, I might need an extra few minutes each day to reassess why I am a nurse and the duties I must conform to before entering his room. The prisoner deserves the exact same treatment as the officers, yet he will be facing the death penalty once the court proceedings start. The same is true of the high profile mental health patients at the Utah State Hospital. They all deserve the same treatment as any other individual, yet they have done such tremendous harm to others.

Movies Good or Bad

Division Classification Essay| Tabitha NewberryFridays 8:30-11:30| Is the theaters Movies worse or better than Home movies? | | While I do not generally care for television, I do enjoy movies. Movies, however, present both a financial and a time commitment. When my family and I go to a movie, we spend roughly $20 for admission and an additional $20 for popcorn, sodas, and other snacks. At this cost, a night at the movies will often function as the evening meal as well. Occasionally my mom and I or my sister and I will go see something I especially want to see and leave my son with a sitter.Still the financial obligation is significant. Movies generally last somewhere between an hour and a half to two hours, plus time to dress, drive, park the car, buy tickets, get snacks, find a seat, and watch previews. Thus, there isn't always room in a busy schedule–or a tight budget– to go to movies. In other words, I can't see them all at the theater. For these reasons, I've devise d a ranking of movies to include those that I can watch at home. The films belong in these categories: 1) Films I will pay to watch in a theater; 2) Films I will rent; and 3) Films I will watch on television.I will pay to see three different types of movies: family pictures, Funny, and what can I say I’m a hopeless Romantic. Sometimes these all overlap, making me truly happy but usually not. With a young son the pressures to see every child’s, or family, film is tremendous. He does not sit still long enough to even watch a 30 minute television show. At daycare, they hear all about â€Å"Brother Bear† and â€Å"Dore the Explore,† or â€Å"Go Diego Go. † The actual quality of these films is meaningless to children. Deny them the opportunity and they feel cheated. Take them to a bad film, and they become instant film critics.My son has a little bit before he gets to that point, but you get my drift. Yet I still try taking him, I do. As a family, we al l including my son like the funny movies. It is a given that we will see every new â€Å"Romantic Comedy† or â€Å"Kids Movie † film that makes its way to theaters within the opening week. Some other adaptations or other very film-not-movie type films warrant their own special experience for me, I suppose, due to my Romantic interest. Not terribly long ago I dragged my Sister to see a film entitled â€Å"The Vow† This film deals with a real love story of faith, the tale of a love that refuses to be forgotten, and is ased on the actual relationship of Kim and Krickitt Carpenter, who wrote a book about their marriage, also known as The Vow. Most movies that I will rent but not pay theater prices to view are the free kids movies or worse†¦BARNEY AND FRIENDS! These movies were the movies my mom used to say were a treat for us kids if we were good. â€Å"Free and funny† she called it. The previews sell them quite well but not well enough to put them on th e must-see list. So they end up in my home during one of those hey-want-to-rent-a-movie times. Unfortunately, finding time to watch a rented video or DVD is not an easy feat at my house.My son likes to fight his sleep and then homework and dishes and extra cleaning on the weekends when company comes over. The weekends are about the only times my son and I feel like staying up late to watch a movie. (Probably the only time he stays up late EVER), and not surprising we fall asleep just minutes into our rented films. Sometimes these films go unwatched back to the movie store. About once every couple of months when there's nothing I want to see on the Lifetime Channel, ill flip through the channels and find a movie.I don't pay for any of the special movie channels because I would never see a return on my investment. But I first saw â€Å"The day after tomorrow,† â€Å"The Alamo,† â€Å"The Shawshank Redemption,† and numerous others this way. Of course, they were fou r or five years old when I finally saw them. One plus to; waiting this long to see them is that I won't be influenced by the viewpoints of others when I formulate my critical analyses. Regardless of the genre and regardless of my personal classification, I find most films to be a bit of a let-down, especially if someone has raved to me about how wonderful a particular film is.I always seem to think the â€Å"industry† could do better. For this reason, many of them make it to the watch it on television group. On the other hand, those that do make it to the theater group are often suitable enough to make it to the purchase for home group, but that's really another class altogether. So with all that said and done; I think I would rather just chill at home with my son and wait 4-5 years to watch a movie on television, than spend almost 40 bucks on a movie I will probably only watch once at the theater. And save me a lot of time and effort as well.

A Crowded Shopping Centre Essays

A Crowded Shopping Centre Essays A Crowded Shopping Centre Essay A Crowded Shopping Centre Essay Then there were the pairs of housewives who were chiefly concerned with price. They could be seen making enquiries about prices and bargaining for better ones. Couples, young and old, sat eating fast food and talking in low voices. At every other corner, there was a small stand and a young enthusiastic sales person trying hard to attract the attention of the shoppers to the amazing prowess of some innovative product. Thought they were getting a good deal of attention judging by the crowds that mulled about the stands. Banners proclaiming huge discounts swayed about from the ceiling of the centre. It was still fairly early in the morning for people to be shopping but then of course, it was the season of sales. All over the tiny town, huge shops were holding sales. Almost everything could be got at a bargain. During the current period of unemployment and retrenchment, the sale was probably what many had looked forward to. Only then could they afford to buy that branded pair of shoes or that glittering diamond bracelet that was at other times, priced well beyond the average mans pocket. As sat and waited, I noticed that there were a fair number of security officers walking about. In particular, they lingered about the stretch of jewelry shops further down the centre. The centre held many different shops selling varieties of products that ranged from household stuff to branded, designer goods to exclusive jewelry. The shops were mainly situated on two sides of a sloping stretch of road. The road was closed for traffic to enable shop owners to walk about more comfortably and in safety. I perceived that there were crowds of people at the jewelry shops. Amidst the hustle and bustle, a man in dark glasses and dressed entirely in black stood by the side of a lamp-post, at the end of the raw of shops. Two security persons seemed to be in heated conservation with him. Then, almost casually, the security man produced some small bags from the inside of their shirts and quickly placed them into the hands of the man in black who quickly disappeared into the crowd. Sat there, deeply baffled. The crowd was lost in its affairs.

Global perspective Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Global perspective - Essay Example Individuals can travel from one country to another by taking direct flights. Therefore, this increases criminal cases such as illegal immigration and drug dealing and human trafficking (Ndiaye,  2007). These cases are mainly caused by the wide spared globalization. They affect the criminal justice systems of the United States significantly because; they demand a lot of time and thus; other areas of the systems have to be foregone. Globalization has also increased cross-border terrorism, which affects the American Criminal Justice System considerably. This is because while people move from one place to another while conducting trade, assessing all the people entering the country becomes difficult. Therefore, globalization leaves a loophole for terrorists to enter a country. Illegal immigration on the other could also be said to arise from extensive globalization since; people enter a country as traders or business people with fake documents and yet the authorities fail to realize it (Ndiaye,  2007). This can be attributed to the multitude of cases burdening the Criminal Justice System such that; it fails to exercise keenness in its work. However, globalization can also be said to have a positive effect on the American Criminal Justice Systems. This is because with globalization, law enforcement agencies are now able to obtain information about people within a very short period. In addition, globalization connects the American criminal justice system with criminal justice systems of other countries in the world. Therefore, the system has become stronger since it can borrow different ideas from the other systems. Through globalization, the American criminal justice system also coordinates well the criminal justice systems of other countries to ensure that criminal activities are acutely reduced. The civil law is a type of law that deals with the kinds of disputes that are not termed as criminal cases. Therefore, the law solves disputes arising from matters suc h as contracts, divorces, ownership of property, child custody and compensation for property or personal damage. The law is normally based on the ruling of court but sometimes it is based on the federal statutes. Basically, civil law serves as a remedy of solving problems among people. Common law is a type of law that deals with similar cases as the civil law. However, the difference between the civil law and common law is that judgments in common law are based on prior judgments made by other judges on similar or closely related cases. Therefore, judges depend on their predecessors’ judgments to decide cases in court (Quigley,  1989). However, sometimes judges have to look outside the set precedents in order to avoid the issue of rigidity in solving cases. Islamic law is a type of law that mainly solves Muslim cases based on their holy book, the Quran. The law, which is widely known as the Sharia Law, solves all kinds of cases irrespective of whether they are criminal or c ivil. For instance, it solves matters concerning crime, politics and financial issues. The law also solves personal matters such as fasting, prayer and hygiene. In the Sharia law, plaintiffs and defendants are not required to hire lawyers to represent them. Instead, the individuals normally represent themselves in the Sharia court. Socialist law is a type of law used in communist states such as China. Although the law is based on the civil law, it has been slightly modified in order to fit the ways of communism. The

Key Characteristics of Feminist Criminology Term Paper

Key Characteristics of Feminist Criminology - Term Paper Example Infanticide has historically been considered a sex-specific crime, or one that "actually excludes the members of one sex by legal definition." Carol Smart points out in her descriptions of the English legal system that infanticide is the one exception to equally applicable British law since it is an offense committable only by women. Some attribute this offense to the occasion when an unmarried mother must rid herself of a shameful secret through suffocation, strangulation, and the infliction of wounds or fractures to the skull as the most frequent forms of infanticide. (Coramae Richey) It is difficult for a woman to use physical strength in an assault, so she is forced to use a knife or a household product. The practice of throwing scarring solutions such as lye, gasoline, and acids is still a common practice used by women to equalize their lack of assaultive strength. Many violent women offenders wait until their male victims are asleep to perpetuate their assaults, which, in some cases, become homicides. (Coramae Richey) Very little is known about family violence, but recent examinations of the problem have revealed some startling cases of women who abuse their children, husband, and parents. The actual extent of family violence is generally unknown. The younger child is most often the victim, and while mothers are more likely (68 percent) than fathers (58 percent) to commit child abuse, both parents are equally capable of serious violence against their children. The thought of the 'little woman' beating up or battering her husband is cause for many deep guffaws, especially from men. Yet this form of spouse abuse is now believed to be more commonplace than previously imagined.